> John Ruskin 1819-1900
To be modern is to be better then something old/ a better form of what came before. Prior to this to be modern meant to be of your time, not to be better.
Ruskin wrote about whether new painters at the time were better than traditional painters of the past.
>1900
Paris, the city of modernity
A society that moved away from farming and agriculture
Urbanisation saw a shift from rural life where everyone knows each other, to being in cramp spaces not knowing anyone.
Life was no longer dominated by sunrise and sunset, but instead factory life and having to pick up the pace of life to make more profit.
A work, sleep, work, sleep pattern emerged
> world time cam in and became standardised as did electrical lighting and the telephone. This resulted in people being able to work longer hours and through the night.
>Trottoir Roullant (electric moving walkway)
Helped people get around Paris without having to walk
> Secularisation
People turning away from religion and turning towards science
During this period, cities became the focal point of life
The eiffel tower was built and people hated its robust, industrial style amongst the beautiful architecture Paris had to offer.
>Paris 1850s on = new paris
old Parisian architecture of narrow streets and run down buildings were bulldozed to make way for new sweeping streets, designed to make modern life easier.
The centre of Paris becomes expensive and affluent for the rich classes whereas the working class are excluded to the outskirts
A lack of connection can be seen again, being surrounded by people but not knowing them
Modern has created new social behaviours which has resulted in people showing off how rich they are, walking around the streets in their most expensive outfits showcasing the most exotic pets to show their wealth.
>1890 The birth of psychological science and mental understanding
> Work begins to dominate life and always be there at the back of peoples minds therefore new ways to relax had to be invented such as the cinema and music halls.
Kaiser Panorama introduced a new way of seeing the world as did the films created by the Lumber Brothers. They channelled fear, wonderment and excitement into the viewers.
> 1905 cameras used to capture the modern world in a better way than painting, this became a threat to art. With new technology comes new information about the world and ourselves, people started to understand motion.
Modernism = the response of artist and designers to instil thing into visual
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